Journal of Disease and Diagnosis
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Jun 2016

Dear editor
Cancer starts when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. Nearly cells can become cancer in any part of the body, and can spread to other areas of the body; Unfortunately, Cancer is one of the major causes of morbidity and death globally. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a term for cancer that starts in either the colon or the rectum. Colorectal cancer is among the top 5 cancers most commonly diagnosed in both men and women alike (1). In the West of world, colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in each sex and second cause in men and
women combined. Colorectal cancer has 3th rank in both cancer incidence and mortality in the US (2).A diet low in fruits and vegetables, and high in animal red meat and saturated fat, appeared associated with CRC. This is consistent with the reported CRC researches in developed countries indicating universal causal effects for this tumor type (3). And western diet is well example for this matter. Colorectal cancers is prevalent in industrialized nations ;On the other hand increasing trend of colorectal cancer occurrence has been reported in emigrants to industrialized countries also researchers explained younger women are more high-risk than others (4). These information highlight the significance of life style effects on colorectal carcinogenesis such as diet change. That diet often changes proceed to the western diet or similar. One of indexes of western diet is frying foods on a flat pan using cooking oil to lubricate the frying pan or grilling directly; On the other hand, Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are formed when meat of muscle , such as beef, pork, fish, or poultry, are cooked using high-temperature methods (e.g., pan frying and
grilling directly over an open flame) (5). Studies indicated that higher intake of total or type-specific HCA are positively associated with tumors induction in colon and rectum and increasing of colorectal adenoma risk (6,7). Whilst. researchers was confirmed that there is no association between colorectal cancer risk and the consumption of fruit and vegetables rather high intakes of fruit and vegetables have a favourable effects on the risk of colorectal cancer (8). So, past and present studies showed that eating vegetables and fruits can prevention from prevalence colorectal cancer, whilst high western diet intake is an important risk factor for developing colorectal cancer because these materials are containing of high HCA amount. Finally, conclusion is that colorectal cancer will develop if people are western diet willing. Unfortunately, we've this diet in emigrants to industrialized countries or people whom are requesting this dietary model in present course that this's very serious and dangerous problem. So, perfect education has a substantial role and it's necessary

A varicocele is defined as an abnormal venous dilatation and/or tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum. Varicocele is the major reversible cause of male infertility. It is observed in 35%–40% of all men with primary infertility. Our purposes were determination of varicocelectomy benefits, anthocyanin effects on varicocle and also varicocelectomy isn't contacted with races. We did a review of 22 studies identified by searching Google scholar,PubMed, SID and Elsevier. All studies were based on the role of varicocelectomy in improvement sperm and semen parameters as well as those were relied of the anthocyanin good effects for varicocle disease, also analysis of those showed varicocelectomy isn't contacted with races. We concluded that varicocelectomy is a way for improvement sperm and semen parameters and it isn't contacted with races. Also anthocyanin has good effects for varicocle disease.

Pressure ulcer is a kind of skin disorder that is developed due to increase of localized pressure on a part of body. Due to the terrible consequences of pressure ulcer, it is essential to prevent it. A common method to prevent is using risk assessment scales. The aim of this review study is to identify the best risk assessment to prevent and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcer. The studies and experiments in field of pressure ulcer risk assessment that had been exhibited on SID, PUBMED and Google Scholar sites were used. According to literature, compared to waterlow scale, Braden scale is more appropriate measure to assess the risk of pressure ulcer in hospitals. In the other hand, Waterlow scale indicates the better predictive value and contains more subscales. It also focuses closely on details in prone patients. It is suggested that patients on admission time should be evaluated by Braden scale for first screening, but during the hospitalization time, waterlow scale is more effective to assess the pressure ulcer. Waterlow scale is more sensitive and focuses on effective details in development of pressure ulcer.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of great aid in the diagnosis of knee lesions. Nevertheless, arthroscopy has remained the reference standard for the diagnosis of internal derangements of the knee, against which alternative diagnostic modalities should be compared. This study was designed to assess the value of MRI and clinical examination in the diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Meniscus Tears in comparison with arthroscopic findings. In present investigation, 55 patients with knee trauma were administered and underwent knee MRI, followed by knee arthroscopy. The results of knee arthroscopy were considered as standard reference and the MRI findings were compared with the arthroscopy results. Findings of this study showed that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 95%, 80%, 92.6%, 85.7% for the diagnosis of the ACL tear; 87.8%, 90.9%, 93.5%, 83.3% for the diagnosis of medial meniscus tear; and 85.7%, 94.1%, 90%, 91.4% for the diagnosis of lateral meniscus tear, respectively. We can conclude that MRI has a high accuracy in the diagnosis of ACL, medial meniscus, and lateral meniscus injuries in patients with knee trauma.

As a medical term, trauma is defined as a (non)penetrating injury caused by external factors either deliberately or not. Some types are traffic-related trauma, poisoning, fall, drowning and so on. A big threat to social health and development is the rising rate of car accidents. The present paper was performed with the objective of investigation the epidemiologic status of accident-related trauma among patients taken to Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas in 2011. The present descriptive research gathered its data through a census from 2008 patients suffering from trauma caused by car accidents in Shahid Mohammadi hospital of Bandar Abbas. The study was conducted in 2011. A checklist was used to collect the required data. Then the data were analyzed using SPSS-16. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Findings: From among the 2008 patients, 85% (1714 individuals) were male and 15% (294) were female. Their age ranged from 1 to 87 years. The neurology section of the hospital had the highest number of visitors (421 patients, 25%). The orthopedic section had the highest number of hospitalized patients (48%). The findings of this research attest to the presence of risks threatening a number of subjects who were in the low age group. We concluded in the present research that the highest amount of injury was caused to the lower body limbs.

Religion and spirituality are usually considered as protective factors against a host of negative health outcomes. Recent surveys have documented several associations between religion/spirituality and physical and mental health outcomes. Most of the evidences on the effects of religion on general health suggest that religion commonly plays a positive role. On the other side, religion and spirituality can also be pathological with harmful effects such as superficially literal, authoritarian or blindly obedient, etc. Various factors with different mechanisms influence this relationship and identification of these moderating and mediating variables is important for further decisions. Therefore, in this review, the relationships between religion/spirituality and mental and physical health are represented.

Studies have shown that abdominal adhesions occur due to an oxidative stress by ROS. Sargassum sp. extract contains many antioxidative compounds that might be utilized to interrupt this process. This study intends to study the efficacy of Sargassum sp. extract on preventing abdominal adhesions. In this study, 20 female rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 receive Sargassum sp. extract and group 2 served as controls. Intra-peritoneal ketamine was administered for anesthesia. Multiple scratches were made in the peritoneum and then, the abdomen was closed. After two weeks, a sample of the peritoneum was sent to the laboratory for adhesion grading and histo-pathological examination. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS. There was significant difference in adhesion found between the two groups (p<0.05). There was also a significant difference regarding vascular proliferation between two groups. Present study shows that applying Sargassum sp. extract can tremendously reduce post operation abdominal adhesions.

Patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus have a high prevalence of coeliac disease, symptoms of which are often mild, atypical, or absent. Untreated coeliac disease is associated with an increased risk of malignancy, particularly of lymphoma. Therefore, we report a 9-year-old girl with Coeliac disease, diabetes type 1 and Selective IgA deficiency. A 9-year-old female patient presented in august 2014 with the complaints of constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and lethargy. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Coeliac Disease, and Selective IgA Deficiency were diagnosed simultaneously. Response to treatment was good and the patient was discharged a few days later.